golgi body
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
Noun: * A specialized organelle within the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells, consisting of a series of flattened, membrane-bound sacs (cisternae). Its primary functions are to modify, sort, package, and transport proteins and lipids that are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum for use within the cell or for secretion outside the cell.
Usage
The term "Golgi body" is used to refer to this specific cellular structure. It is often discussed in the context of cell biology, biochemistry, and physiology. * It functions as the cell's "post office" or "shipping and receiving center." * It is closely associated with the endoplasmic reticulum.
Examples
- Proteins are transported from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi body for further processing.
- The Golgi body packages digestive enzymes into vesicles for secretion.
- Under an electron microscope, the Golgi body appears as a stack of pancake-like membranes.
Advanced Usage
- The Golgi body exhibits polarity, with a face (receiving side, near the ER) and a face (shipping side).
- It is involved in the synthesis of complex polysaccharides and the modification of proteins through processes like glycosylation.
Variants and Related Words
- Golgi apparatus: The most common synonym; used interchangeably with "Golgi body."
- Golgi complex: Another synonymous term.
- Dictyosome: A term sometimes used for the Golgi body in plant cells.
Synonyms
- Golgi apparatus
- Golgi complex
Notes
- Named after the Italian scientist Camillo Golgi, who first identified it.
- While "Golgi body" is singular, a cell typically contains multiple such structures, collectively referred to as the Golgi apparatus.
Noun
- a netlike structure in the cytoplasm of animal cells (especially in those cells that produce secretions)